The Patient and Surgeon benefits of laparoscopic gastro-intestinal Research Proposal

The Patient and Surgeon benefits of laparoscopic gastro-intestinal surgery as compared to open surgery and it's implications to nurses - Research Proposal Example Current medicine and surgical practices have now leaned towards close laparoscopy-guided GIT surgeries. The benefits of this surgery for patients and surgeons have not been fully established. This paper is an attempt towards establishing evidence-based proof to support the best type of surgery for GIT procedures. Laparoscopic GIT surgeries are â€Å"minimally invasive procedures commonly used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract† (Medicine.net, 2009). This type of surgery is usually carried out without the usual incision down the center of the stomach; instead, keyhole incisions are made in the abdomen through which the scope and small surgical instruments are inserted. This laparoscopic surgery is often used to treat conditions like Crohn’s disease, colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, familial polyposis, bowel incontinence, rectal prolapse, ulcerative colitis, and colon polyps (Medicine.net., 2009). Kumar and Bellamy (2007) discuss that this type of surgery slowly gained popularity since its inception in the 1980s. Modlin, Begos, and Ballantyne (1996) also document that early attempts on the use of this type of surgery were first seen through Hippocrates’s primitive anoscope which he used to examine hemorrhoids. Other attempts that followed basically used natu ral light source in order to illuminate their attempts at close surgeries. Illumination through reflected sunlight, candles , and paraffin lamps were used in the early 1800s by physicians in more early attempts at minimally-invasive surgery (Berci, as cited by Modlin, Begos, and Ballantyne, 1996). In 1901, Kelling used the cystoscope in order to look into the abdomen of a dog. Then, in 1910, Jacobeus used the first human laparoscopy in order to investigate ascites. Other attempts in the use of the laparoscopy followed but were hampered by limited technology. In the late 1920s, Kalk suggested the use of a second puncture site in order to establish a